HINTS FOR THE PRACTICE OF YOGA
by
Swami Krishnananda
First of all, you must love God from the very bottom of
your heart. Be very careful to be true to your own self.
Yoga is not for anybody's sake, neither for your friends
or relations, nor for the sake of your Guru, nor for the
sake of telling others, "I am also doing Yoga". You do
it for your own self. Be sure that you want God, and nothing
else, when you close your eyes and sit for meditation.
Be sure that you are not doing so merely for becoming
a student of Yoga or start with an intention of building
an institution of Yoga. These are terrible travesties.
If such are your motives, you are not going to succeed
in Yoga. Be honest to yourself. You can deceive others
many times but not yourself. You know very well what is
behind your mind. You cannot put God in your pocket and
say, I can come to you through Yoga, but my motive is
something different, something else; that will not work.
Honesty is the gateway to success; it is indeed fifty
per cent of success. Learning is not necessary, no need
to be learned. All that you have to do is to be sure and
sincere that you are crying for God only and nothing else.
Let the aim of life be clear in your mind, first. I repeat,
your aim should be nothing other than the Ultimate Reality.
The world is also real, this idea may come to your mind.
I am not saying that the world is unreal. I am only talking
about your misconception about the nature of the world:
that it is outside you. It is not really outside you.
The world is real, but it is not outside you. You are
not outside it, but a part of it. You also are in the
world. The exclusion of the world from you is your problem
and then many questions arise. Is the world real? Is God
real or not? etc. Let the world be real. We have no objection.
But it is not real in the sense of its being outside you
in space and time; it is connected with you. Is the hand
of your body real or unreal? If it is a part of your body,
then it is real; if it is cut off and thrown out or is
paralysed, then it is unreal. In Yoga, we identify consciousness
with the being of the world, with the selfhood of the
world. Again, to come to the point, the Selfhood is in
everything. But when we think of the world as an entity
outside us, then we have removed this Selfhood from the
world, divested it of its Selfhood and placed it as an
object, an instrument or tool of utility for our satisfaction
and then we place ourselves in the position of ‘the
self'. ‘I am the self, you are the objects!' Anything
that you look upon as outside you is an object. The object
also is a subject from its own point of view, and you
are its object; if I am an object for you, so are you
an object for me. And this, that, everything is an object.
There are, then, only objects, and no ‘subject' anywhere.
This situation is called Samsara or bondage; these are
materialistic ways of looking at the world. Everything
is external. Now turn the argument the other way and look
at everything from its own point of view. It is true I
am an object to you, you are an object to me, everything
is an object to everything. But I am also a subject from
my own point of view.
So, if you take everything from its own point of view,
there is no object, everything is subject only everywhere.
This realisation is freedom. So in one moment of time,
you can be in bondage or freedom by merely shifting the
mind from one view to another: from subject to object
or the other way round. If you can extract the selfhood
of things, it does not matter whether the world exists
or not; you will yourself understand that it exists. But
if you look upon it as an object, you are also looked
upon as an object by it. Now you are turned out. The exile
of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden is nothing but
the isolation and externalisation of the individual from
God. You also have been exiled and alienated in this manner.
You are cut off from the Whole. The five elements are
in your body; the same five elements are in the world.
From this point of view, at least, you should not think
that the world is outside you. Yet we think so. The space,
air, fire, water and earth principles, which are the constituents
of the world, are also what constitute your body. Then
where comes the question of the world being outside you?
That space, that which has separated you from your object
is also within you. It is only in thinking spatially,
that the world is separated from you. Nothing has happened.
It is only a kind in your way of thinking. In the ultimate
analysis, creation has not taken place.
The creation of the world is an experience that has been
introduced into our mind by the projection of the principle
of externality, which is described as the so-called "Maya"
of the philosophers. And many such words are used to designate
the mystery. If the world has been really created and
really externalised and projected and we have been thrown
out, then there would be no going back. That such a thing
(going back to the Real) is possible, that Yoga is practicable,
that Samadhi is a real experience, that God-consciousness
can be had even today, shows that there has been no such
a catastrophe as we imagine. The catastrophe is psychological,
mental, inward; it is created by our own self. So from
this point of view, at least, you must be sure that the
aim of life is God-Realisation, realisation of the Absolute,
Brahman. It is not things we are asking for, it is happiness
that we are seeking. And the happiness you are asking
for is in the Selfhood of things, the Self which is the
Absolute. Even the greatest fool is therefore asking for
that only; he wants nothing else. It requires a little
bit of understanding to know this difficulty. Hence be
clear in your mind that when you practise Yoga, you want
only that and your heart is fixed on that.
Be in an atmosphere suitable for this practice. Be in
the company of people who think alike, not in that of
people who think the opposite way. Be in an atmosphere
holy and sacred; and to the extent possible, from your
own point of view, have friends of this nature. Either
have good friends or no friends. But don't have bad friends.
Bad friends will distract your mind, shake your faith
by saying things contrary and illogical.
Find a suitable time for sitting silently, though everybody
is busy no doubt. In the 24 hours of work, you have to
find time for two to three hours a day, which can not
be difficult to find, if you use your will, despite the
fact that all of us are busy with our own work all day.
And, in those two to three hours, you must find time to
sit unseen by people. Even if you are in a family, you
must find time for this. Have a separate room for meditation.
If you cannot afford to do this, then go away to such
a place as will help you to be alone. When in your room,
shut the door and for three hours don't see anyone. Don't
lift the phone, don't have newspapers and such things
in that room. But you should have good books like the
Upanishads, the Bhagavadgita etc. Have, if possible, elevating
pictures or portraits of worthy people, spiritual or philosophical
people. Then be seated. Every day you should sit at the
same fixed time and this should not be changed. Changing
this to different hours of the day is like having lunch
at different times of the day and thus ruining your health.
You should have the same fixed time for every activity
that you do. If it is 6 P.M. that you have chosen, you
should stick to it. If any other time is decided upon,
stick to that hour alone.
Be seated in one posture. When fatigued in this posture,
you can relax a little and stretch your legs and again
sit in meditation. You can even stand and move about and
sit again. Try to control your body, muscles and mind.
Then recite "OM" to create a vibration in your system.
And implant in your mind the idea and the feeling ‘I
am in search of God'. Then try to analyse the nature of
God. Yesterday someone asked me, what is God. It is just
that which is before you; but divest it of the name and
form complex. And then, what you see before your eyes
is God Himself. He comes in a masquerade. He has put on
a mask upon His body in the form of space-time, and then
He looks like the world, ‘playing' a drama before our
eyes. God is not outside. He is just here. What you see
with your eyes is just that minus space and time. This
is very important to remember. So just analyse this for
yourself. Take the help of the Bhagavadgita, the Upanishads,
the Sermon on the Mount or any other such elevating scripture
and bring your mind back to the point of being able to
think of God as being of the same nature of the Self that
you are seeking. Chant a Mantra, repeat a formula, so
that the ideas contained in the Mantra can help you to
create an idea in your mind of what God is.
Fix the attention of the mind on this concept and then
identify yourself with the selfhood of all things. You
will immediately see a vibration taking place. You must
know that everything is alive, full of vitality. In the
world, nothing is dead. Even the walls will speak to you,
if you actually identify yourself with them and all things.
So feel the presence of things in yourself and yourself
in things. Atmavat Sarva Bhutan - feel this.
After a protracted time in this practice, you will begin
to realise that there is some sort of a vital connection
between you and others, which was absent till now. You
can't see any connection between you and the actions of
others because your mind is conscious of the physical
body only. Gradually the mind should be allowed to go
higher from the physical to the vital, from the vital
to the mental, from the mental to the intellectual, as
is said in the Upanishads. Then, when you go higher and
higher into the deeper layers of your personality, you
begin to feel the relationship with others in greater
and greater intimacy. The more internal you go, the greater
is the relationship you feel with others. Outside on the
surface of the waters every wave is different, but when
you go deeper into the ocean, they are the one and the
same ocean. We are different from one another on account
of our identification with our body. We are really one
internally; there is a vibration connecting one with the
other. Even now the ether of the waves is moving from
one place to another place. There is a connection which
is not felt on account of the identification of the mind
with the body. So de-hypnotise yourself. You are not this
body but something different; you are not the Prana; you
are not the mind; you are not the intellect; you are one
with the Cosmic Intellect in the end, Hiranyagarbha. Then
move higher and higher until you begin to feel yourself
in the Self of all beings. These are the Samadhis or Samapattis
as Patanjali calls them and these are the various experiences
you will have in meditation when you go deeper and deeper
into the practice.
But this would be a very hard task indeed. So you don't
find time to sit and sit as per the strict discipline.
You should sit for meditation at the same fixed time.
Today at this time, tomorrow another, and then the thread
is broken. Even if you are on a railway train, you should
sit for a few minutes. It is the train that is moving,
what does it matter to you? You sit and control the mind.
The mind is not moving along with the train. Why can't
you practise Yoga? So, don't miss any opportunity. Every
day, the mind should be trained to think in this manner,
and afterwards, even in the ordinary life of day-to-day
routine you must create the habit of continuing this practice.
Even when talking you must have this practice. It is not
that you can talk some nonsense and then go and sit for
meditation. It is not like that; that will not work. What
happens is that the greater part of the day is spent in
irrational thinking and only a few hours are given to
meditation. The former will spoil the latter practice.
So in the more advanced stages of practice, you must cultivate
this de-hypnotising type of thinking and practise to think
only in this way even when engaged in office work or in
the ordinary business in life. This work in the office
or in business in the ordinary way of life is not contrary
to the practice of Yoga. All (this) work should be vitalised,
i.e., charged with meditational consciousness, so that
your background becomes only that. There is a story of
the ayah looking after her mistress's child. Ayahs are
people who take care of other people's children; they
go to a stranger's house and fondle and take care of the
child in that house with such love that it seems as if
she is the mother. But her mind is not there. Her mind
is on her own child at home. Her thoughts are centered
on her own child's activities. Is it safely playing? Has
it had its feed properly? I must go home at 5 o'clock
in the evening and see what is happening to it, etc. etc.
Such is the background of her thoughts. Her mind and love
is only for her child at home, though outwardly she is
lovingly looking after the child under her care. But the
outward work she is engaged in, earns her salary; and
she is working as an ayah. This outward appearance is
not a real fact. You cannot at once make out this fact,
its being an outward appearance, this distinction between
her outward act and the thoughts in her mind. For all
outward appearances, it looks as if it is her own child
now in her care. This is the way it is said that you should
conduct yourself in the world. When in office or in ordinary
business of life, you are like the ayah, looking after
your work as she does her work in all good will for the
salary it brings. She seems to be looking after her own
child even when she is only an ayah looking after someone
else's child. Her mind is somewhere else - on her own
child at home. You are working for the sake of somebody,
for some other purpose or intention in your mind. Your
intention and purpose in the background, as already pointed
out, is to maintain a meditative habit so that all work
is charged and vitalised with the meditative consciousness.
Your work is only the training ground for orienting all
your activities to this meditative consciousness. Hence,
all your office work etc. should be done only to the extent
necessary and indispensable, not beyond this limit, not
to amass wealth, not to become rich or make a name or
gain power; that is not the intention behind your work
in the world. It is only to that extent necessary and
indispensable - your office work; the purpose is that
it is the training-ground for the mind towards the higher
aim you have in your mind. This is the true picture of
things. Understand that you should not go beyond this
amount of work in the world, beyond this limited purpose.
The higher purpose is something internal, the true Yoga.
All work becomes Yoga only then. Work should not be opposed
to it. In this way, then, you will find gradually that
work becomes natural. You do not need to bring into play
any stress or strain in doing your work. The concentration
also becomes better. Swami Sivanandaji Maharaj used to
say that if the Yogi does the work of a sweeper, he does
it better than anybody else; if he washes vessels, they
are cleaner than an ordinary man cleaning them. Whatever
work he does, it is perfect, because his concentration
is so much on his work and his love for things is equal
to the love he has for God! Because he sees no distinction;
he has begun to see the universal in the particular. The
name and form are gone. The substance is seen; the potness
of the pot is gone, only the clay remains and there is
only universality, and Karma-Yoga becomes practicable.
It is this great art that is taught in the Bhagavadgita.
The whole gospel of the Gita is only a sermon of the seeing
of divinity in things and transforming activity into yoga
by visualising the Ultimate Substance in name-and-form.
The name-and-form has completely gone from the substance;
it does not exist at all. It is only spatiality and temporality
that is called a pot; what you see is actually clay. So
that what I see is not the wall; I see the Reality behind
it, in fact, but invest it with a name-and-form that I
give to it on account of the spatiality gone into it.
The Substance is the Absolute Itself. What does it then
matter If I touch the wall, it is not the brick wall that
I touch but my own Self extended in space and time. This
is a very advanced condition in Yoga; all cannot visualise
this state. I am merely mentioning it to you that this
is possible. This state of experience where you live in
the world with the consciousness of the Substance of things,
free from the externality characterised by name and form,
space and time, is called Jivan-Mukti or liberation even
while living in this world. There is no harm in living
in this world. The world is not the devil it looks. It
looks like a devil because it is outside. The non-Self
has got identified with the Self. The devil is the non-Self;
the Self is God. So, the moment the non-Self is identified
with the Self, the devilness in it goes! How the evil
of things in the personality can be obviated and how even
the worst of things can be converted into the best of
things is another subject.
I have no doubt that all of you will strive hard in the
practice of Yoga, you have set your minds on, and focus
all your attention and energy on it, all through the Sadhana.
May God bless you all. May Gurudev Swami Sivananda's grace
be upon you all is my prayer.